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Academic honor code
An academic honor code or honor system is a set of rules or ethical principles governing an academic community based on ideals that define what constitutes honorable behaviour within that community. The use of an honour code depends on the notion that people (at least within the community) can be trusted to act honorably. Those who are in violation of the honour code can be subject to various sanctions, including expulsion from the institution. Honour codes are used to deter academic dishonesty.
==History==
The University of Virginia's early years were marked by contentious relations between students and the faculty, which culminated on November 12, 1840, when John Davis, a professor, was shot and mortally wounded in an attempt to quell a disturbance on The Lawn. Davis refused to identify his assailant, stating that an honourable man would step forward on his own. On July 4, 1842, UVA law professor Henry St. George Tucker, Sr., who had replaced Davis on the faculty, proposed that in the future, students sign examinations in the form "I, A.B., do hereby certify on my honour that I have derived no assistance during the time of this examination from any source whatsoever." The idea was a success with the students. The wording of the honour pledge has changed over time, and the definition of what constitutes an honour offense has evolved as well, at times including matters such as smoking, cheating at card games, or insulting ladies. As of 2012, lying, cheating, or stealing are never allowed. Despite the evolution of the system over the years, UVA's Honor System is rare in that it is administered entirely by the University's students. Princeton has also maintained an entirely student-run Honour Code since the beginning of their Code in 1893.
However, Jefferson's vision of a student self-governed system remains largely unrealized at other universities. Most schools adopting honour codes limit their application to the academic realm. More comprehensive systems — not unlike Haverford's and Davidson's — where students ratify and enforce social and academic codes, are rare.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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